This is the most up to date version of this scale. There is also a short-form version.

Downloads


PAPER Lin, T. H., Dinner, H., Leung, T. L., Mutlu, B., Trafton, J. G., & Sebo, S. (2025, March). Connection-Coordination rapport (CCR) scale: a dual-factor scale to measure human-robot rapport. In 2025 20th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) (pp. 869-879). IEEE.

Construct Summary

The authors define rapport as:

“A feeling of mutual understanding and interpersonal connection among individuals developed through interactions” (p. 2)

Final Scale Items (18 total):

Question wording: “Rate how much you think the following was present in the interaction.” A five-point scale was used: Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Neither Agree or Disagree, Agree, Strongly Agree.

Connection: Warmth, Empathy, Friendliness, Sympathy, Closeness, Positivity, Liking each other, Enthusiasm, Respect, Getting along, Excitement, Connection

Coordination: Coordination, Focus, Attentiveness, Smooth flow, Equal participation, Engagement

Rating = 100%

Check? Guideline Item
✓ Is the construct defined?
✓ Does the final version of the items capture the construct as it has been defined by the authors?
✓ Is the item generation process discussed (e.g., literature review, Delphi method, crowd-sourcing)?
✓ Person to items 10:1 for the initial set of items?
✓ Did they perform an EFA, PCA, Rasch, or similar test to determine the item to factor relationship?
✓ Did they describe how they determined number of factors?
✓ Did they report the full initial set of items?
✓ Did they provide loadings (EFA) or item fits (Rasch) of all items?
✓ Is there a description of the item removal process (e.g., using infit/outfit, factor loading minimum value, or cross-loading values)?
✓ Did they list the final items included in the scale?
✓ Did they include a factor structure test (e.g., second EFA, CFA, DIF, test for unidimensionality when using Rasch, or similar)?
✓ Was a measure of reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha, McDonalds Omega_h or Omega_t, Tarkkonen’s Rho) reported?
✓ Was a test of validity (e.g., predictive, concurrent, convergent, discriminant) reported?

Comments None.

Reviewed by Experts ✓